Division of the EU’s European Commission Used Material Developed by Scott M. Graffius

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

European Commission Using Material Developed by Scott M. Graffius - LwRes

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Strategic objectives play a crucial role in guiding organizations towards achieving their vision and mission. They’re fulfilled by projects, endeavors undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.

The art and science of project management (Agile or otherwise) — the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to projects — is indispensable for the management and completion of projects. And tools can make a significant contribution to successful outcomes.

In 2007, Scott M. Graffius developed a fresh take on RACI charts, a simple project management tool. His unique material provides audiences with practical information they can use to leverage RACI charts to help manage complexities and achieve success. Graffius periodically refreshes his work. In 2020, he published an updated version on
ResearchGate, a European platform for researchers and scientists.

Graffius' respective work is
here and citation information follows:

Graffius, Scott M. (2020). How the RACI Tool Can Help You: Use RACI to Establish Roles and Responsibilities—and Improve Outcomes—for Projects and Other Work. Los Angeles, California: Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.14713.62561/4.

A division of the EU’s European Commission, Erasmus+, used Graffius' material in one of their publications. Their work is
here and select visuals follow.

EU EC Features Work by Scott M Graffius - Excerpts - 1 - LwRes

The cover page is shown above.

EU EC Features Work by Scott M Graffius - Excerpts - 2 - LwRes

Page 13 is shown above.

EU EC Features Work by Scott M Graffius - Excerpts - 3 - LwRes

A zoomed-in version visual of page 13 is shown above.

About the European Commission

The European Commission (EC) is the governing body of the European Union (EU). It represents and upholds the interests of the EU as a whole and it is independent of national governments. The EC prepares legislation for adoption by the Council (representing the member countries) and the Parliament (representing the citizens). It administers the budget and the policy programs in cooperation with authorities in the member countries. The EC has an administrative body of about 32,000 European civil servants. Visit https://commission.europa.eu to learn more.

About Erasmus+

Erasmus+ (which is short for "EuRopean Community Action Scheme for the Mobility of University Students") is the European Union’s program to support education, training, youth, and sport in Europe. To learn more, visit https://erasmus-plus.ec.europa.eu.

About ResearchGate

Started in 2008, ResearchGate is a platform for researchers and scientists to connect, collaborate, and share their work. It reports, "Our mission is to connect the world of science and make research open to all." Visit
https://www.researchgate.net to learn more.

How to Cite This Article

Graffius, Scott M. (2024, April 1). Division of the EU’s European Commission Used Material Developed by Scott M. Graffius. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/eu-2024.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.23115.40488.

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About Scott M. Graffius

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Scott M. Graffius, PMP, SA, CSP-SM, CSP-PO, CSM, CSPO, ITIL, LSSGB is an agile project management practitioner, consultant, thinker, creator, multi-award-winning author, and international public speaker. Founder and CEO of Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions™ and subsidiary Exceptional Agility™, he has generated over $1.9 billion for Global Fortune 500 businesses and other organizations he has served. Graffius and content from his books, talks, workshops, and more have been featured and used by Microsoft, Oracle, Broadcom, Cisco, Gartner, Project Management Institute, IEEE, National Academy of Sciences, United States Department of Energy, Yale University, Tufts University, and others. He delights audiences with dynamic and engaging talks and workshops on agile project management, AI, Tech leadership, video game development, strategic alignment, the science of high performance teams, and more. To date, he's presented sessions at 89 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

His full bio is available
here.

Connect with Scott on:


Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Scrum_v22123007_LR_1000x1000_sq

Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Transformation_LR_1000x505

Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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The short link for this article is:
https://bit.ly/eu-2024

© Copyright 2024 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.



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Japan Backlog User Group Event Featured Scott M. Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Japan Backlog Users Group (JBUG) Featured Intellectual Property of Scott M Graffius - Blg Hdr - LwRes



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Scott M. Graffius' Intellectual Property on Team Development

Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and Scott M. Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his ‘Phases of Team Development’ as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development — Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning — inclusive of a graph showing how performance varies by phase, as well as the characteristics and strategies for each phase.

Graffius' intellectual property (IP) is registered with the United States Copyright Office.

Graffius initially developed his ‘Phases of Team Development’ unique material in 2008, and he periodically refreshes it.

For reference, the visual for the current (2024) edition is below and the details are
here.

scott-m-graffius---phases-of-team-development---2024-update---v24010507---jpg-lwres

Organizations around the world engage Graffius to deliver compelling talks and workshops. To date, he's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries: Armenia, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Ireland, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, and the United States.

Scott M Graffius has delivered 91 talks and workshops across 25 countries - passport style - LwRes

Graffius ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is central and key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are at
https://scottgraffius.com/resources/Exceptional-PPM-and-PMO-Solutions-Rate-Card-for-2024-2025-v24071607.pdf and https://scottgraffius.com/publicspeaker.html, respectively.

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Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property Is Used By Organizations Around The World

With an authorization/license from Graffius, his ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property is featured and used by businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities around the globe. Examples include:

  • Adobe,
  • American Management Association,
  • Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
  • Bayer
  • Boston University,
  • Broadcom,
  • Cisco,
  • Deimos Aerospace,
  • DevOps Institute,
  • Erste Group Bank AG (Austria),
  • FINAT,
  • Ford Motor Company,
  • FSU College of Medicine,
  • Hasso Plattner Institute,
  • IEEE,
  • James Madison University,
  • Johns Hopkins University,
  • LeadingEng,
  • London South Bank University,
  • Manufacturers Alliance,
  • Microsoft,
  • New Zealand Government,
  • Oracle,
  • Royal Australasian College of Physicians,
  • TBS Switzerland,
  • Torrens University Australia,
  • Tufts University,
  • U.S. National Park Service,
  • U.S. Tennis Association,
  • UC San Diego,
  • UK Sports Institute,
  • University of Galway Ireland,
  • Victorian Institute of Technology (Australia),
  • Virginia Tech,
  • Warsaw University,
  • Western Sydney University,
  • World Resources Institute,
  • Yale University,
  • ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences,
  • and many others.

The Japan Backlog User Group (JBUG) was added to the list!

Technology engineer Makky Tyuyan featured Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ material in his
talk at a Japan Backlog User Group event on March 26, 2024. Excerpts with visuals follow.

Excerpt 1, showing the cover slide, is below.

Japan Backlog User Group Featured Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property on Collaboration - Excerpt 1 - LwRes

Excerpt 2 is next. It shows slide 23, featuring Graffius' work.

Japan Backlog User Group Featured Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property on Collaboration - Excerpt 2 - LwRes

And here's excerpt 3. It's slide 26, with another display of Graffius' work.

Japan Backlog User Group Featured Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property on Collaboration - Excerpt 3 - LwRes

To learn more about Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' intellectual property, visit
here.

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About the Japan Backlog User Group

The Japan Backlog User Group (JBUG) (
ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚คใƒใ‚ฐ ) is a community for users of Backlog, a project and task management tool, where members gather to share knowledge, discuss best practices, and enhance their hard (technical) and soft (interpersonal) skills. JBUG organizing events across Japan that feature talks, workshops, networking opportunities, and more. To learn more about JBUG, visit their website at https://jbuginfo.backlog.com.

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About Scott M. Graffius


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Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

He's generated over $1.9 billion of business value in aggregate for Global Fortune 500 businesses and other organizations he's served. Businesses and industries range from consumer products to advanced technology (including AI, R&D), e-commerce, music, streaming/OTT video, television, film, video games, financial services, government, and more.

Graffius and content from his books (
Agile Scrum and Agile Transformation), talks, workshops, and more have been featured and used by businesses, professional associations, governments, and universities around the world. Examples include Adobe, American Management Association, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Bayer, Boston University, Broadcom, Cisco, Deimos Aerospace, DevOps Institute, EU's European Commission, Ford Motor Company, Hasso Plattner Institute Germany, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, London South Bank University, Microsoft, National Academy of Sciences, New Zealand Government, Oracle, Project Management Institute, Torrens University Australia, UC San Diego, TBS Switzerland, UK Sports Institute, University of Galway Ireland, U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Tennis Association, Virginia Tech, Warsaw University of Technology, Yale University, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, and many others.

He delights audiences around the world with dynamic and engaging talks and workshops. He's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries. Visit
here to learn more and here to ask Scott to speak at your event.

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes


ScottGraffius_Com - TurningWest Plagiarism - Lady Justice - iPhone - LwRes


Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Scrum_v22123007_LR_1000x1000_sq

Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Transformation_LR_1000x505

Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, October 8). Japan Backlog User Group Event Featured Scott M. Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development.’ Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/japan-backlog-user-group.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.24605.32482.
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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

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Content Acknowledgements

This article (including integrated visuals) provides brief excerpts from the respective JBUG event, attributed and used under fair use for news reporting and analysis. Japan Backlog User Group (JBUG) (ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚คใƒใ‚ฐ) name and mark are the property of the Japan Backlog User Group. Content of Makky Tyuyan is the property of Makky Tyuyan. Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ is copyright © Scott M. Graffius.

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Copyright

Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.


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A PDF of this article is
here

The short link for this article is
https://bit.ly/jbug



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Side-by-Side Comparison of Retrospectives and Hot Washes

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Side-by-Side Comparison of Retrospectives and Hot Washes - v24111807-2 - LwRes



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Scott M. Graffius delivers talks and workshops at conferences and other events around the world. Participants have frequently inquired about the distinctions between retrospectives and hot washes. Based on that, Graffius decided to develop this concise article.

Retrospectives (including post-project reviews) and hot washes are valuable practices for distilling actionable insights and enhancing future performance. But they serve distinct purposes and contexts including differences in timing and intent. Retrospectives are usually conducted at the end of an agile sprint or project, where the team reflects on what went well, what didn’t go well, and any changes to be implemented as improvements going forward. Hot washes happen immediately after a high-stakes event or operation to address real-time challenges and inform swift adjustments or decisions.

The visual shown at the top of this article provides a side-by-side comparison of retrospectives and hot washes including the typical characteristics and strategies unique to each. See the Permission Request Information section of this article if you'd like to request use of the copyrighted visual. If your request is approved, Graffius will give you an authorization/license and, if applicable, high-resolution files of the visual.

Here's the text from the visual:

Retrospectives

  1. Also Known as: Post-project review, lessons learned meeting, post-mortem, sprint retrospective, project debriefing, project review
  2. Intent: Provide actionable insights for future projects or iterations
  3. Context: Project management (agile or otherwise) in technology or business
  4. Examples of Use Cases: Evaluating a sprint, project completion, or a product launch
  5. Participants: Scrum team or project team; sometimes others participate as well
  6. Scheduling: Scheduled in advance
  7. Timing: End of a sprint, project phase, or entire project
  8. Duration: 30-90 minutes
  9. Focus: Identifying successes, challenges, and changes to be made for future work
  10. Goal: Drive continuous improvement
  11. Strategy: Structured and reflective, use prompts (see Questions to Ask)
  12. Questions to Ask: What worked well? What didn’t? What should we change going forward?
  13. Facilitator Role: Scrum Master, project manager, or team leader
  14. Methods Employed: Retrospective frameworks, whiteboards, sticky notes, collaborative applications like Miro or Trello
  15. Documentation: Usually formal (written), with a report documenting findings and recommendations
  16. Emotional Tone: Fostering openness, introspection, and learning in a collaborative setting

Hot Washes

  1. Also Known as: Hot debrief, mission debrief, operational debrief, rapid debrief, tactical debrief, after-action review, immediate action review, post-event analysis
  2. Intent: Capture lessons while fresh and inform immediate adjustments or decisions
  3. Context: High-stakes operational settings such as intelligence, military, or emergency response
  4. Examples of Use Cases: Assessing a high-stakes intelligence operation or an emergency response
  5. Participants: Individuals involved in the immediate event or operation
  6. Scheduling: Not scheduled in advance; occurs as needed
  7. Timing: Immediately after an event, incident, mission, or exercise
  8. Duration: 15–30 minutes, focused on speed and efficiency
  9. Focus: Assessing immediate challenges and corrective actions required now
  10. Goal: Implement real-time changes as needed
  11. Strategy: Rapid, real-time, and conversational—focused on urgent issues
  12. Questions to Ask: What went wrong? What needs immediate attention? What actions should we take now?
  13. Facilitator Role: Team leader, mission commander, or operational lead
  14. Methods Employed: Quick debriefs, oral discussions, brief note-taking
  15. Documentation: Often informal (verbal), with key points summarized quickly for immediate use; there may or may not be a written report
  16. Emotional Tone: Urgent, action-oriented, and often high-energy

Scott M Graffius - The varied objectives and uses of retrospectives versus hot washes - LwRes

Read on to see and learn:

  • About Scott M. Graffius,
  • References/Sources,
  • Permission Request Information,
  • How to Cite This Article,
  • and more.

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About Scott M. Graffius

Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

See his
bio to learn more.

IEEE Xplore Publication Featured Scott M Graffius Phases of Team Development Work - rev Sept 19 2024 - HiRes

Scott M. Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Featured by ATACC at TBS24 Conference - LwRes2

UC San Diego Features Scott M Graffius Intellectual Property on Teamwork - Geisel - Creative 24101007 - LwRes

Johns Hopkins University Features Work of Scott M Graffius - v24080107 - Tw - LwRes

Semiconductor manufacturing firm Lam Research features Scott M Graffiusโ€™ โ€˜Phases of Team Developmentโ€™ Intellectual Property - Tw Sz Format - LwRes

Bayer Licensed IP of Agile Expert Scott M Graffius - AgileScrumGuide_com - LwRes

Research by Scott M Graffius Used in Materials for CEWEP 10 Congress Berlin - LwRes G

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

agile-scrum-your-quick-start-guide-by-scott-m-graffius-v24120407lwres

Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Transformation_LR_1000x505

Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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References/Sources


  1. Abel-Hamid, T.K., & Madnick, S.E. (1990, Fall). The Elusive Silver Lining: How We Fail to Learn from Software Development Failures. Sloan Management Review, Fall 1990: 39-48.
  2. Agile Alliance (n.d.). Heartbeat Retrospective. Available at: https://www.agilealliance.org/glossary/heartbeat-retrospective.
  3. AgileScrumGuide.com (2017, August 21). Side-by-Side Comparisons of Agile Scrum and Waterfall Models: A Quick Look at Integration Management. Available at: https://agilescrumguide.com/blog/files/Side-by-Side-Comparisons-of-Agile-Scrum-and-Waterfall-Models-A-Quick-Look-at-Integration-Management.html.
  4. AgileScrumGuide.com (2017, August 24). Side-by-Side Comparisons of Agile Scrum and Waterfall Models: A Quick Look at Communications Management. Available at: https://agilescrumguide.com/blog/files/Side-by-Side-Comparisons-of-Agile-Scrum-and-Waterfall-Models-A-Quick-Look-at-Communications-Management.html.
  5. AgileScrumGuide.com (2017, August 7). Side-by-Side Comparisons of Agile Scrum and Waterfall Models: A Quick Look at Quality Management. Available at: https://agilescrumguide.com/blog/files/Side-by-Side-Comparisons-of-Agile-Scrum-and-Waterfall-Models-A-Quick-Look-at-Quality-Management.html.
  6. Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute (2021). APH Quality Handbook. Amsterdam: Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute.
  7. Bellet, C., De Neve, J., & Ward, G. (2019 October 14). Does Employee Happiness Have an Impact on Productivity? Saïd Business School WP 2019-13. Oxford, UK: Oxford University.
  8. Bennett, M., Gadlin, H., & Marchand, C. (2018). Collaboration Team Science: Field Guide. Rockville, MD: National Institutes of Health.
  9. Boddie, J. (1989, December 7). The Project Postmortem. Computerworld.
  10. Carn-Bennett, Erin (2024, June 19). Using the Army’s Hot Wash Debrief Technique in Civilian Healthcare Simulation. Available at: https://www.healthysimulation.com/healthcare-simulation-hot-wash-debrief/.
  11. Cassell, Greg (2024, September 20). IAFC Releases New “Hot Wash” For Major Incidents and Training Exercises. Available at: https://www.iafc.org/blogs/blog/iafc/2024/09/23/iafc-releases-new-hot-wash-for-major-incidents-and-training-exercises.
  12. Coleman, Stan (2009. November 25). Hot Wash—A Tool For Feedback. Available at: https://www.dobbins.afrc.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/171803/hot-wash-a-tool-for-feedback/.
  13. Collier, B, DeMarco, T., & Fearey, P. (1996, July), A Defined Process for Project Post Mortem Review. IEEE Software, 13 (4): 65-72.
  14. Creately (2024, August 23). After Action Review: What is it and How to Use it to Improve Team Performance. Available at: https://creately.com/guides/after-action-review/.
  15. DevOps Institute (2021). 2021 Upskilling Enterprise DevOps Skills Report. Boca Raton, FL: DevOps Institute.
  16. Exceptional Agility (2023, January 1). Making Teams More Agile: Strategies and Benefits. Available at: https://exceptionalagility.com/blog/files/teams.html.
  17. Farr, J. V., & Brazil, D. M. (2012, September 5). Leadership Skills Development for Engineers. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 40 (3): 13-22.
  18. Fletcher, Angus; Cline, Preston B.; & Hoffman, Matthew (2023, January 12). A Better Approach to After-Action Reviews. Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2023/01/a-better-approach-to-after-action-reviews.
  19. GitLab (2019, December 13). Strengthen Your Agile Teams with Tuckman's Stages of Group Development. At: about.gitlab.com. San Francisco, CA: GitLab, Inc.
  20. Graffius, Scott M. (2016, January 21). 2014 NSDM Publication on Leadership by National Security Affairs Professor Mary Raum Featured the 2008 Edition of Scott M. Graffius’ Work on Team Development. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/nsdm-leadership.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22276.33920.
  21. Graffius, Scott M. (2016). Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions. North Charleston, SC: CreateSpace.
  22. Graffius, Scott M. (2018, August 25). Retrospectives and Continuous Improvement in the Agile Scrum Framework [Workshop]. Session at private event in Las Vegas, NV. 10.13140/RG.2.2.16620.51843
  23. Graffius, Scott M. (2018, October 18). Agile Scrum Helps Innovators, Disruptors, and Entrepreneurs Develop and Deliver Products at Astounding Speed Which Drives Competitive Advantage [Presentation]. Talk delivered at Techstars Startup Week Conference. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.25009.12647.
  24. Graffius, Scott M. (2019). Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change. Scotts Valley, CA: CreateSpace.
  25. Graffius, Scott M. (2021, February 20). But First, the Team! [Presentation]. Talk delivered at the Brno, Czech Republic DevConf.CZ 2021 Conference. Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.13140/RG.2.2.29016.72964.
  26. Graffius, Scott M. (2021, June 21). DevOps and Team Leadership [Workshop]. Session at private event in Las Vegas, NV. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.15380.22401.
  27. Graffius, Scott M. (2021, May 13). But First, the Team! [Presentation]. Lecture delivered at DevOps Pro Europe 2021 Conference. Based and simulcast live from Vilnius, Lithuania. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.30524.36481.
  28. Graffius, Scott M. (2021, November 10). An Error Was Introduced Into the Seventh Edition of 'A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK).’ Los Angeles, CA: Scott M. Graffius.
  29. Graffius, Scott M. (2021, November 8). Bruce Tuckman’s Model (Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning) is Highly Relevant and Beneficial, But It Doesn’t Please Everyone. Los Angeles, CA: Scott M. Graffius.
  30. Graffius, Scott M. (2021, October 5). Navigate the Phases of Team Development with Speed and Agility for Happier and More Productive Teams [Presentation]. Talk delivered at the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE Day 2021 Conference. Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.13140/RG.2.2.20055.19365.
  31. Graffius, Scott M. (2022, February 4). Team Development Tradecraft: A Source of Competitive Advantage [Workshop]. Session at private event in Adelaide, Australia. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.14092.80002.
  32. Graffius, Scott M. (2022, May 13). Want Happier and More Productive DevOps Teams? [Presentation]. Talk delivered at DevOpsDays Geneva, Switzerland 2022 Conference. Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.13140/RG.2.2.22252.85127.
  33. Graffius, Scott M. (2023, April 26). The Science of High-Performance Teams [Presentation]. Talk delivered at the DevOps Institute’s SKILup Day 2023 Conference. Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.13140/RG.2.2.15888.28169.
  34. Graffius, Scott M. (2023, July 15). Successful Video Game Development Teams Leverage an Extensive Range of Hard Skills and Soft Skills. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/gamedev.html.
  35. Graffius, Scott M. (2023, June 29). What Successful AI Teams Have in Common [Presentation]. Talk delivered at Conf42 Quantum Computing 2023 Conference. Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.13140/RG.2.2.29382.45120.
  36. Graffius, Scott M. (2023, May 1). Fueling the Development of Innovative and Life-Changing AI Solutions [Presentation]. Talk delivered to an audience of Technology professionals (including Data Scientists, Machine Learning Engineers, Data Engineers, AI Researchers, Project Managers, Business Analysts, UX Designers, Software Developers, Cloud Architects, Data Privacy and Security Specialists, and others involved or interested in AI) at a private event in Mountain View, California, United States. Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.13140/RG.2.2.27956.73601.
  37. Graffius, Scott M. (2024, January 8). Scott M. Graffius’ Phases of Team Development: 2024 Update. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/teams-2024.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.28629.40168.
  38. Graffius, Scott M. (2024, July 16). Consider Asking and Answering These Questions at Your Next Retrospective, Post Project Review or Debrief Meeting (But Not a "Hot Wash"). Available at: https://x.com/ScottGraffius/status/1813233611212222578.
  39. Helgesen, Sally (2022, June 8). How Wash, Cold Wash. Available at: https://allrise.substack.com/p/hot-wash-cold-wash.
  40. Jovanovic, M., Mesquida, A., Radakoviฤ‡, N., & Mas, A. (2016). Agile Retrospective Games for Different Team Development Phases. Journal of Universal Computer Science, 22: 1489-1508.
  41. Kerzner, Harold (2022). Innovation Project Management: Methods, Case Studies, and Tools for Managing Innovation Projects (Second Edition). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
  42. Luckner, M. (2020, November 18). Data Science Workshop (Version 1.1). Warsaw, Poland: Warsaw University of Technology.
  43. Microsoft (2019, June 15). Is the Latest Technology the Key to Your Team’s Success, or is There Something Else? Microsoft Developer Support. Accessed at: https://devblogs.microsoft.com/premier-developer/is-the-latest-technology-the-key-to-your-teams-success-or-is-there-something-else. Redmond, WA: Microsoft.
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  45. Raum, Mary (2014, April 10). Leader Theory Explanations and Original Texts. Newport, RI Naval War College. NSDM.
  46. Rowley, D., & Lange, M. (2007). Forming to Performing: The Evolution of an Agile Team. IEEE Computer Society Proceedings. Agile 2007, 1: 408-414.
  47. Salas, E., Grossman, R., Hughes, A.M., and Coultas, C.W. (2015), Measuring Team Cohesion: Observations from the Science. Human Factors, 57 (3): 365–374.
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  50. Scrum Alliance (n.d.). The Sprint Retrospective. Available at: https://resources.scrumalliance.org/Article/sprint-retrospective.
  51. Sutherland, Rory (2019). Alchemy: The Dark Art and Curious Science of Creating Magic in Brands, Business, and Life. New York, NY: William Morrow and Company, an imprint of HarperCollins.
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  55. United States General Services Administration, Office of the CTO (2021). GSA Tech Guides: Establishing an Agile Team Working Agreement. Washington, D.C.: United States General Services Administration.
  56. University of Waterloo (2021). SE Capstone Design Project Handbook. Edited by Derek Rayside. Waterloo, Ontario, Canada: University of Waterloo.
  57. Williams, T., Eden, C., Ackermann, F., Howick, S., Bergamini, V., Daley, A., & Gill, K. (2001, November). The Use of Project Post-Mortems. Paper presented at Project Management Institute Annual Seminars & Symposium, Nashville, TN. Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute.
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How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, November 18). Side-by-Side Comparison of Retrospectives and Hot Washes. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/retrospectives-and-hot-washes.html.

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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

Update on 20 January 2025

The first paragraph appeared as this: "Participants at conferences and other events where Scott M. Graffius has delivered talks and workshops have sought clarity on the distinctions between retrospectives and hot washes. Particularly by those possibly in intelligence or military communities, the question has been asked with increasing frequency. Based on that, Graffius decided to develop this concise article."

It was revised to this: "Scott M. Graffius delivers talks and workshops at conferences and other events around the world. Participants have frequently inquired about the distinctions between retrospectives and hot washes. Based on that, Graffius decided to develop this concise article."

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Short Link for Article

The short link for this article is https://bit.ly/retro-hot

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