Scrum Isn’t Just for Coding
26 June 2026
BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com
Scrum is the most popular form of Agile, and it is often introduced as a software development method. That's a bit like describing a smartphone as (just) a device for making calls. Technically true, but missing most of the point.
Scrum emerged in 1995 and matured inside software engineering in the late 1990s to 2000s. However, its underlying logic was not limited to code. Scrum is about structuring complex work into small cross-functional teams, short iterative cycles, continuous feedback, and rapid adjustment when reality inevitably disagrees with the plan.
This matters because complexity is not a software problem. It is a frequent condition of modern work. Whether the endeavor involves designing medical protocols, manufacturing physical products, coordinating large-scale operations, or developing new services under uncertainty, the same constraints appear: shifting requirements, interdependent tasks, and the need to deliver value quickly.
Across industries, organizations increasingly employ Scrum as a response to complexity rather than a technique for only tech/software. The examples that follow span multiple sectors and include many applications outside of tech and software development.
When two Dutch organizations—ING Bank and the Dutch Automobile Association (ANWB)—sought to improve speed to market, ownership, and responsiveness in their marketing functions, they turned to Scrum. Working with an agile consultancy, both organizations implemented Scrum to develop marketing campaigns and commercial initiatives, adapting Scrum’s sprint structure and team roles to a non-software, creative context. The implementations demonstrated that core Scrum practices—backlog prioritization, iterative delivery, and retrospective improvement—could be effectively applied to marketing work.
Source: Moienaar, J. (n.d.). Marketing Scrum vs. IT Scrum: Two marketing case studies. https://agilealliance.org/resources/experience-reports/marketing-scrum-vs-scrum-two-marketing-case-studies-now-act-first-apologize-later/
When Gillette's grooming CEO challenged the R&D organization to develop and launch a new razor faster than the company ever had before, the team turned to Scrum. Implementing change, Gillette organized its approximately 55-person program into seven or eight cross-functional Scrum teams (with the exact count varying at different phases), each responsible for a distinct aspect of the product, including the shaving surface, handle, packaging, and commercialization strategy. The result was the Gillette Exfoliating Razor, launched significantly faster than previous Gillette products and met with a strong consumer response. David Ingram, Vice President of Global R&D at Gillette, credited Scrum with helping the teams surface risks early, make faster decisions, and challenge assumptions that had long been treated as non-negotiable. The case remains one of the most widely cited examples of Scrum applied to physical, non-software product development.
Source: West, D. (2023, January 11). Scrum at Gillette — Part 1: Launching a new razor with Scrum [Podcast]. https://www.scrum.org/resources/scrum-gillette-part-1-launching-new-razor-scrum
Ariadne Labs—a joint center for health systems innovation at Brigham & Women’s Hospital and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health—used Scrum to structure collaboration across 18 healthcare organizations in a Home Hospital Early Adopters Accelerator program. The goal was to develop 20 clinical knowledge products, including patient eligibility criteria, admission workflows, and medication protocols, to support hospitals launching home hospital programs. Using one-week Scrum sprints, the participating teams completed all 20 knowledge products in 32 working weeks, compared with a 40-week target. The vast majority of participants (97.4%) agreed that the Scrum teams worked well together, and 96.8% reported high-quality outputs.
Source: Desai, M., Tardif-Douglin, M., Miller, I., Blitzer, S., Gardner, D. L., Thompson, T., Edmondson, L., & Levine, D. M. (2024, May 27). Implementation of Agile in healthcare: Methodology for a multisite home hospital accelerator. BMJ Open Quality, 13(2), e002671. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11131107/
Erik Martella, VP and General Manager of Mission Bell Winery (a unit of Constellation Brands), encountered Scrum and decided to test the framework on an operational challenge: achieving Safe Quality Food Level 2 certification for the winery. The pilot proved successful and led to broader adoption of Scrum across wine production, warehousing, and other functions, including senior leadership, whose two-week sprints and regular stand-ups helped clarify and structure executive work.
Source: Rigby, D. K., Berez, S., Caimi, G., & Noble, A. (2016, April 19). Agile innovation. Bain & Company. https://www.bain.com/insights/agile-innovation/
Grandview Preparatory School, a private K–12 institution, worked with an agile coach to introduce Agile and Scrum-inspired practices into the classroom through a tool called the Learning Canvas, a visual management board inspired by Scrum. Teachers displayed the boards on classroom walls where students could view, interact with, and comment on learning goals and progress, increasing visibility into classroom work. Fifteen out of 16 teachers reported adopting Learning Canvases in their classrooms. Teachers observed that students became more collaborative, communicative, and self-directed in their learning. The coach noted that students were developing not only subject knowledge but also skills in adaptation and collaboration.
Source: Scrum Alliance. (n.d.). How healthcare, education and marketing organizations are using Scrum to thrive. https://resources.scrumalliance.org/Article/how-healthcare-education-and-marketing-organizations-are-using-scrum-to-thrive
The FBI's Sentinel case management system stands as one of the most widely cited Scrum turnaround stories. After Lockheed Martin spent $405 million over several years using a traditional waterfall approach and delivered only half of the planned system—already a year behind schedule—the FBI halted work and brought development in-house under Scrum. With a team of approximately 45 people (the number of people varied over time), the FBI completed the remaining, most complex phases in under 12 months for about $30 million, compared with an estimated $351 million required under the previous approach. The Sentinel turnaround is widely regarded as a landmark demonstration of Scrum's ability to rescue large, complex, high-stakes government IT projects.
Source: Bloomberg, J. (2012, August 22). How the FBI proves Agile works for government agencies. CIO. https://www.cio.com/article/286775/agile-development-how-the-fbi-proves-agile-works-for-government-agencies.html
Joe Justice and Team WIKISPEED applied one-week Scrum sprints to a challenge that is highly unconventional in traditional automotive development: building a street-legal, 100+ miles-per-gallon prototype vehicle from scratch and iterating its design on a weekly cadence. In conventional automotive manufacturing, the design phase alone can take more than a decade; WIKISPEED reduced cycle times by focusing on rapid, iterative development. The team, composed largely of global volunteers operating on a minimal budget, entered the Progressive Insurance Automotive X Prize—a $10 million competition to produce a 100+ MPG vehicle—and placed in the top ten out of 146 entrants.
Source: Leybourn, E. (2019, March 19). WIKISPEED: Applying Agile software principles and practices for fast automotive development. Business Agility Institute. https://businessagility.institute/learn/applying-agile-software-principles-and-practices-for-fast-automotive-development/187
DiggerWorks, the Australian Army unit responsible for designing, developing, and integrating combat equipment and clothing for soldiers, represents an unlikely setting for Scrum. Military procurement is traditionally hierarchical, risk-averse, and heavily process-driven. Yet within 18 months of adopting Agile methods, most DiggerWorks teams transitioned from traditional waterfall management to Scrum and related approaches, with reported productivity improvements of up to 600%. One early example involved night-vision goggle cases: soldiers in the field were experiencing equipment failures because standard soft cases did not provide adequate protection. Using Scrum and other agile methods, DiggerWorks designed and prototyped a hard casing in seven weeks, saving an estimated $6 million compared with procurement alternatives and avoiding significant future repair and replacement costs.
Source: Withers, M. (2019, December 18). Agile successfully deploys in military procurement. Bain & Company. https://www.bain.com/insights/agile-successfully-deploys-in-military-procurement/
A peer-reviewed case study published in the International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering examined the application of Scrum to a Design-Build construction project—a delivery model increasingly used in the United States but often managed using traditional waterfall approaches. The study found that implementing Scrum during both the design and construction phases led to improved cost and schedule control, as well as enhanced communication among multiple stakeholders, including architects, engineers, contractors, and owners. The authors concluded that Scrum’s iterative structure appears well-suited to the inherently adaptive nature of Design-Build projects, where requirements evolve, and cross-disciplinary collaboration is continuous. The research contributes a peer-reviewed case study on the application of Scrum in construction project delivery.
Source: Jethva, S. S., & Skibniewski, M. J. (2022, March). Agile project management for design-build construction projects: A case study. International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, 19, 2021216.
Roche Pharma Finland, part of the global Roche organization operating in the highly regulated pharmaceutical and biotech sector, undertook an Agile transformation to improve cross-functional collaboration and delivery of patient-focused outcomes. The organization applied Scrum beyond software to pharmaceutical and research workflows, forming cross-functional teams that spanned scientific, medical, and operational expertise. Work was structured into short, iterative cycles, with Sprint Reviews used to inspect experimental progress and adjust priorities based on emerging data, and Product Backlogs used to manage evolving research hypotheses and development options. The organization reported improvements in alignment across departments, faster learning cycles in research activities, and greater transparency in progress toward patient-centered goals, while also surfacing sector-specific challenges such as defining “Done” in experimental work and balancing agility with regulatory requirements.
Source: Lilja, S., Kailanto, J., & Saanila-Sotamaa, M. (n.d.). From pyramid to communities: How a pharma company reinvented themselves using Scrum. https://agilealliance.org/resources/experience-reports/from-pyramid-to-communities-how-a-pharma-company-reinvented-themselves-using-scrum/
When a multinational entertainment and media conglomerate needed to compete more effectively in an era of rapid change, it undertook a full Scrum-based agile transformation—with Scott M. Graffius serving as agile coach. The organization faced the challenges common to large, matrixed enterprises: slow delivery cycles, siloed teams, limited cross-functional collaboration, and difficulty adapting to evolving market conditions. The transformation addressed those challenges directly. By adopting an agile mindset and implementing Scrum's values, roles, events, and artifacts, the company achieved improved engagement, collaboration, transparency, and adaptability. The results were exceptional. The organization developed new capabilities and unlocked the business agility needed to thrive in a fast-moving competitive environment, realizing benefits including faster delivery speed, stronger ROI, higher satisfaction, and a culture of continuous improvement. The case is documented in Graffius' book, Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, which draws directly on his first-hand experience leading the engagement.
Source: Graffius, S. M. (2019). Agile transformation: A brief story of how an entertainment company developed new capabilities and unlocked business agility to thrive in an era of rapid change. CreateSpace, a unit of Amazon.
When Meta and Anduril announced their EagleEye partnership, they brought Agile into one of the most demanding environments imaginable: the development of AI-powered augmented reality headsets for the U.S. Army. EagleEye is designed to overlay real-time battlefield intelligence—including drone feeds, terrain maps, and enemy positions—directly into soldiers' fields of view. The project blends Meta's Reality Labs hardware expertise, built through iterative consumer XR releases like the Quest series, with Anduril's defense-focused Lattice AI platform. Rather than following traditional, slow-moving military R&D processes, the EagleEye collaboration leverages Agile's rapid prototyping, cross-functional team structures, and iterative feedback loops—approaches drawn from game development's immersive design tradition and adapted to military-grade requirements. While the EagleEye announcement referenced Agile broadly rather than naming Scrum specifically, Anduril's job postings explicitly call for Agile and Scrum experience—and as the most widely adopted Agile framework in the world, Scrum is the natural and most likely implementation underpinning this work. The development teams must navigate rigorous compliance, cybersecurity demands, and extreme performance constraints within Agile sprints, demonstrating that iterative development can function even under the most stringent operational conditions. The case is examined in depth by Scott M. Graffius—drawing on his expertise in AI, Agile, hardware, software, game development, and defense—as a model for how Agile accelerates cross-industry innovation in high-stakes XR systems.
Source: Graffius, S. M. (2025, June 2). Meta and Anduril's EagleEye and the future of XR: How gaming, AI, and Agile are transforming defense. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.26938.45766
Scrum’s application is not limited to software development. Across industries, its value emerges in environments characterized by complexity, uncertainty, and interdependent work. From government systems and healthcare innovation to manufacturing, education, defense, and biotechnology, the 12 examples in this article demonstrate a clear pattern: when organizations replace predictive, phase-gated planning with short iterative cycles, cross-functional collaboration, and rapid feedback loops, they improve adaptability and delivery speed.
In government systems such as FBI Sentinel, Scrum enabled recovery from large-scale failure and re-establishment of delivery momentum. In product development cases like Gillette and Mission Bell Winery, it accelerated time to market while improving cross-functional alignment. In healthcare and biotech contexts, including Ariadne Labs and Roche Pharma Finland, it supported structured experimentation, faster learning cycles, and improved coordination across highly specialized stakeholders. In education, Scrum-inspired visual systems improved transparency and student engagement, while in sectors such as automotive engineering, construction, military procurement, and defense technology, it enabled rapid prototyping, earlier risk discovery, and more effective integration across complex systems.
As shown, Scrum is not limited to software or technical endeavors. Wherever work requires continuous adjustment to evolving realities, Scrum provides a disciplined mechanism for adapting and delivering business value sooner.
To learn more about Scrum, explore the award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions by Scott M. Graffius (Chris Hare and Colin Giffen, Technical Editors). The book is available at Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Harvard Book Store, and other sellers worldwide.
Scott M. Graffius has generated over $2.51 billion in business value for Fortune 500 companies and other organizations around the world. Put that track record to work for you. For speaking engagements, use the request form; for other inquiries, email him.
Bloomberg, J. (2012, August 22). How the FBI proves Agile works for government agencies. CIO. https://www.cio.com/article/286775/agile-development-how-the-fbi-proves-agile-works-for-government-agencies.html
Desai, M., Tardif-Douglin, M., Miller, I., Blitzer, S., Gardner, D. L., Thompson, T., Edmondson, L., & Levine, D. M. (2024, May 27). Implementation of Agile in healthcare: Methodology for a multisite home hospital accelerator. BMJ Open Quality, 13(2), e002671. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11131107/
Graffius, S. M. (2016). Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions. CreateSpace, a unit of Amazon.
Graffius, S. M. (2019). Agile transformation: A brief story of how an entertainment company developed new capabilities and unlocked business agility to thrive in an era of rapid change. CreateSpace, a unit of Amazon.
Graffius, S. M. (2025, June 2). Meta and Anduril's EagleEye and the future of XR: How gaming, AI, and Agile are transforming defense. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.26938.45766
Jethva, S. S., & Skibniewski, M. J. (2022, March). Agile project management for design-build construction projects: A case study. International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, 19, 2021216.
Leybourn, E. (2019, March 19). WIKISPEED: Applying Agile software principles and practices for fast automotive development. Business Agility Institute. https://businessagility.institute/learn/applying-agile-software-principles-and-practices-for-fast-automotive-development/187
Lilja, S., Kailanto, J., & Saanila-Sotamaa, M. (n.d.). From pyramid to communities: How a pharma company reinvented themselves using Scrum. https://agilealliance.org/resources/experience-reports/from-pyramid-to-communities-how-a-pharma-company-reinvented-themselves-using-scrum/
Moienaar, J. (n.d.). Marketing Scrum vs. IT Scrum: Two marketing case studies. https://agilealliance.org/resources/experience-reports/marketing-scrum-vs-scrum-two-marketing-case-studies-now-act-first-apologize-later/
Rigby, D. K., Berez, S., Caimi, G., & Noble, A. (2016, April 19). Agile innovation. Bain & Company. https://www.bain.com/insights/agile-innovation/
Scrum Alliance. (n.d.). How healthcare, education and marketing organizations are using Scrum to thrive. https://resources.scrumalliance.org/Article/how-healthcare-education-and-marketing-organizations-are-using-scrum-to-thrive
West, D. (2023, January 11). Scrum at Gillette — Part 1: Launching a new razor with Scrum [Podcast]. https://www.scrum.org/resources/scrum-gillette-part-1-launching-new-razor-scrum
Withers, M. (2019, December 18). Agile successfully deploys in military procurement. Bain & Company. https://www.bain.com/insights/agile-successfully-deploys-in-military-procurement/
Scott M. Graffius is a strategic transformation leader who drives AI, Agile, and broader business and technology initiatives to deliver measurable value across projects, programs, portfolios, and PMOs. He is an expert in the teamwork tradecraft of both human and human-AI teams, including the “exotic team dynamics” that emerge. He is also an authority on the temporal patterns of social media, including the half-life of audience engagement.
He’s a practitioner, researcher, thought leader, award-winning author, and keynote speaker who’s taken the stage at 99 conferences and other events across 25 countries.
He’s delivered over $2.51 billion in value for Fortune 500 companies and other leaders in technology, entertainment, financial services, healthcare, and beyond.
Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities use Graffius and feature his work. Examples include Adobe, Bayer, Boston University, Ford, Gartner, Harvard Medical School, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, Microsoft, MSN, National Academy of Sciences, Oracle, Pinterest Inc., Project Management Institute, UC San Diego, Verizon, Yale University, and others.
The following sections provide additional information on his experience, contributions, and influence.
Experience
Graffius heads the professional services firm Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions, along with its subsidiary Exceptional Agility. These consultancies offer strategic and tactical advisory, training, embedded expertise, and consulting services to the public, private, and government sectors. They help organizations enhance their capabilities and results in agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership, supporting innovation and driving competitive advantage. The consultancies confidently back services with a Delighted Client Guarantee™.
Graffius is a former VP of project management with a publicly traded provider of diverse consumer products and services over the Internet. Before that, he ran and supervised the delivery of projects and programs in public and private organizations with businesses ranging from e-commerce to advanced technology products and services, retail, manufacturing, entertainment, and more.
He has experience with consumer, business, reseller, government, and international markets.
Award-Winning Author
Graffius has authored three books.
International Public Speaker
Organizations worldwide engage Graffius to present on tech (including AI), Agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership. He crafts and delivers unique and compelling talks and workshops. Graffius has conducted 99 sessions across 25 countries. Select examples of events include Agile Trends Gov, BSides (Newcastle Upon Tyne), Conf42 Quantum Computing, DevDays Europe, DevOps Institute, DevOpsDays (Geneva), Frug’Agile, IEEE, Microsoft, Scottish Summit, Scrum Alliance RSG (Nepal), Techstars, and W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference (Helsinki), and more.
With an average rating of 4.81 (on a scale of 1-5), sessions are highly valued.
The speaker engagement request form is here.
Thought Leadership and Influence
Prominent businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities have showcased Graffius and his contributions—spanning his books, talks, workshops, and beyond. Select examples include:
Graffius has played a key role in the Project Management Institute (PMI) in developing professional standards. He was a member of multiple teams that authored, reviewed, and produced:
He was also a subject matter expert reviewer of content for the PMI’s Congress. Beyond the PMI, Graffius also served as a member of the review team for two of the Scrum Alliance’s Global Scrum Gatherings.
Acclaimed Authority on Teamwork Tradecraft
Graffius is a renowned authority on teamwork tradecraft. Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 150 subsequent studies, and Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development. First introduced in 2008 and periodically updated, his work provides a diagnostic and strategic guide for navigating team dynamics. It provides actionable insights for leaders across industries to develop high-performance teams. Its adoption by esteemed organizations such as Yale University, IEEE, Cisco, Microsoft, Ford, Oracle, Broadcom, the U.S. National Park Service, and the Journal of Neurosurgery, among others, highlights its utility and value, solidifying its status as an indispensable resource for elevating team performance and driving organizational excellence. In 2026, Graffius added human-AI teamwork—including the "exotic team dynamics" which emerge when advanced AI collaborates as a teammate—to his "Phases of Team Development."
The 2026 edition of Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property is here.
Expert on Temporal Dynamics on Social Media Platforms
Graffius is also an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms. His "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" research—first published in 2018 and updated annually—delivers a precise quantitative analysis of post longevity across digital platforms, utilizing advanced statistical techniques to determine mean half-life with precision. It establishes a solid empirical base, effectively highlighting the ephemeral nature of content within social media ecosystems. Referenced and applied by leading entities—such as Fast Company, GoDaddy, Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume), Ministère de la Culture (French Ministry of Culture), Pinterest Inc., PNAS, and Telecommunications Policy, among others—his research exemplifies methodological rigor and sustained significance in the field of digital informatics.
The 2026 edition of Graffius "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" research is here.
Education and Professional Certifications
Graffius has a bachelor’s degree in psychology with a focus in Human Factors. He holds eight professional certifications:
He is an active member of the Scrum Alliance, the Project Management Institute (PMI), and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
Advancing AI, Agile, and Project/PMO Management
Scott M. Graffius continues to advance the fields of AI, Agile, and Project/PMO Management through his leadership, research, writing, and real-world impact. Businesses and other organizations leverage Graffius’ insights to drive their success.
Discover Scott’s Books
Connect with and follow Scott on LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Threads, Bluesky, Mastodon, and ResearchGate.
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SBG Neumark — Europe’s Largest Distribution Transformer Plant — Powers Up with Scott M. Graffius’ Intellectual Property
Scott M. Graffius’ Intellectual Property was Employed by the NHS — the Largest Single-Payer Healthcare System in Europe
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Singapore Institute of Technology Features Work of Scott M. Graffius
Tufts University Features Scott M. Graffius 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property
'Cat Herders': Retelling the Massive Success Story
Pennsylvania State Agency Used Scott M. Graffius' Intellectual Property
Copyright Infringement in a Book Published by AuthorHouse / Author Solutions / The Najafi Companies: Publisher Fails to Respond or Take Required Action
Pinterest Inc. References Scott M. Graffius’ Research
Bournemouth University Used Scott M. Graffius’ Intellectual Property
‘Comparative Methodological Guidelines: Handbook for Educators’ Violates Scott M. Graffius’ Copyright
Japan Backlog User Group Event Featured Scott M. Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’
TurningWest's 'Trial'
Radio Silence from the American Association of Neurological Surgeons on Report of Blatant Plagiarism in Their ‘Journal of Neurosurgery’ Publication
Supplement to Graffius' 'Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts' Research: Typical Engagement Distribution Pattern for Social Media Posts
How Algorithms Shape the User Experience on Social Media Platforms
Thinkers360 Named Scott M. Graffius a Top Thought Leader on Agile
More articles are listed here.
Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 26). Scrum Isn’t Just for Coding. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/scrum-is-not-just-for-coding.html
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Introduction
"There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more." — Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step InstructionsScrum is the most popular form of Agile, and it is often introduced as a software development method. That's a bit like describing a smartphone as (just) a device for making calls. Technically true, but missing most of the point.
Scrum emerged in 1995 and matured inside software engineering in the late 1990s to 2000s. However, its underlying logic was not limited to code. Scrum is about structuring complex work into small cross-functional teams, short iterative cycles, continuous feedback, and rapid adjustment when reality inevitably disagrees with the plan.
This matters because complexity is not a software problem. It is a frequent condition of modern work. Whether the endeavor involves designing medical protocols, manufacturing physical products, coordinating large-scale operations, or developing new services under uncertainty, the same constraints appear: shifting requirements, interdependent tasks, and the need to deliver value quickly.
Across industries, organizations increasingly employ Scrum as a response to complexity rather than a technique for only tech/software. The examples that follow span multiple sectors and include many applications outside of tech and software development.
12 Examples of Scrum Across Diverse Industries and Applications
1. Marketing — ING Bank / Dutch AA
When two Dutch organizations—ING Bank and the Dutch Automobile Association (ANWB)—sought to improve speed to market, ownership, and responsiveness in their marketing functions, they turned to Scrum. Working with an agile consultancy, both organizations implemented Scrum to develop marketing campaigns and commercial initiatives, adapting Scrum’s sprint structure and team roles to a non-software, creative context. The implementations demonstrated that core Scrum practices—backlog prioritization, iterative delivery, and retrospective improvement—could be effectively applied to marketing work.
Source: Moienaar, J. (n.d.). Marketing Scrum vs. IT Scrum: Two marketing case studies. https://agilealliance.org/resources/experience-reports/marketing-scrum-vs-scrum-two-marketing-case-studies-now-act-first-apologize-later/
2. Hardware / Physical Product Development — Gillette Razor
When Gillette's grooming CEO challenged the R&D organization to develop and launch a new razor faster than the company ever had before, the team turned to Scrum. Implementing change, Gillette organized its approximately 55-person program into seven or eight cross-functional Scrum teams (with the exact count varying at different phases), each responsible for a distinct aspect of the product, including the shaving surface, handle, packaging, and commercialization strategy. The result was the Gillette Exfoliating Razor, launched significantly faster than previous Gillette products and met with a strong consumer response. David Ingram, Vice President of Global R&D at Gillette, credited Scrum with helping the teams surface risks early, make faster decisions, and challenge assumptions that had long been treated as non-negotiable. The case remains one of the most widely cited examples of Scrum applied to physical, non-software product development.
Source: West, D. (2023, January 11). Scrum at Gillette — Part 1: Launching a new razor with Scrum [Podcast]. https://www.scrum.org/resources/scrum-gillette-part-1-launching-new-razor-scrum
3. Healthcare — Ariadne Labs / Home Hospital Accelerator
Ariadne Labs—a joint center for health systems innovation at Brigham & Women’s Hospital and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health—used Scrum to structure collaboration across 18 healthcare organizations in a Home Hospital Early Adopters Accelerator program. The goal was to develop 20 clinical knowledge products, including patient eligibility criteria, admission workflows, and medication protocols, to support hospitals launching home hospital programs. Using one-week Scrum sprints, the participating teams completed all 20 knowledge products in 32 working weeks, compared with a 40-week target. The vast majority of participants (97.4%) agreed that the Scrum teams worked well together, and 96.8% reported high-quality outputs.
Source: Desai, M., Tardif-Douglin, M., Miller, I., Blitzer, S., Gardner, D. L., Thompson, T., Edmondson, L., & Levine, D. M. (2024, May 27). Implementation of Agile in healthcare: Methodology for a multisite home hospital accelerator. BMJ Open Quality, 13(2), e002671. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11131107/
4. Winemaking / Operations — Mission Bell Winery
Erik Martella, VP and General Manager of Mission Bell Winery (a unit of Constellation Brands), encountered Scrum and decided to test the framework on an operational challenge: achieving Safe Quality Food Level 2 certification for the winery. The pilot proved successful and led to broader adoption of Scrum across wine production, warehousing, and other functions, including senior leadership, whose two-week sprints and regular stand-ups helped clarify and structure executive work.
Source: Rigby, D. K., Berez, S., Caimi, G., & Noble, A. (2016, April 19). Agile innovation. Bain & Company. https://www.bain.com/insights/agile-innovation/
5. Education — K–12 Classroom, Grandview Preparatory School
Grandview Preparatory School, a private K–12 institution, worked with an agile coach to introduce Agile and Scrum-inspired practices into the classroom through a tool called the Learning Canvas, a visual management board inspired by Scrum. Teachers displayed the boards on classroom walls where students could view, interact with, and comment on learning goals and progress, increasing visibility into classroom work. Fifteen out of 16 teachers reported adopting Learning Canvases in their classrooms. Teachers observed that students became more collaborative, communicative, and self-directed in their learning. The coach noted that students were developing not only subject knowledge but also skills in adaptation and collaboration.
Source: Scrum Alliance. (n.d.). How healthcare, education and marketing organizations are using Scrum to thrive. https://resources.scrumalliance.org/Article/how-healthcare-education-and-marketing-organizations-are-using-scrum-to-thrive
6. Software Development — FBI Sentinel
The FBI's Sentinel case management system stands as one of the most widely cited Scrum turnaround stories. After Lockheed Martin spent $405 million over several years using a traditional waterfall approach and delivered only half of the planned system—already a year behind schedule—the FBI halted work and brought development in-house under Scrum. With a team of approximately 45 people (the number of people varied over time), the FBI completed the remaining, most complex phases in under 12 months for about $30 million, compared with an estimated $351 million required under the previous approach. The Sentinel turnaround is widely regarded as a landmark demonstration of Scrum's ability to rescue large, complex, high-stakes government IT projects.
Source: Bloomberg, J. (2012, August 22). How the FBI proves Agile works for government agencies. CIO. https://www.cio.com/article/286775/agile-development-how-the-fbi-proves-agile-works-for-government-agencies.html
7. Automotive Manufacturing — WIKISPEED
Joe Justice and Team WIKISPEED applied one-week Scrum sprints to a challenge that is highly unconventional in traditional automotive development: building a street-legal, 100+ miles-per-gallon prototype vehicle from scratch and iterating its design on a weekly cadence. In conventional automotive manufacturing, the design phase alone can take more than a decade; WIKISPEED reduced cycle times by focusing on rapid, iterative development. The team, composed largely of global volunteers operating on a minimal budget, entered the Progressive Insurance Automotive X Prize—a $10 million competition to produce a 100+ MPG vehicle—and placed in the top ten out of 146 entrants.
Source: Leybourn, E. (2019, March 19). WIKISPEED: Applying Agile software principles and practices for fast automotive development. Business Agility Institute. https://businessagility.institute/learn/applying-agile-software-principles-and-practices-for-fast-automotive-development/187
8. Military / Defense Procurement — Australian Army
DiggerWorks, the Australian Army unit responsible for designing, developing, and integrating combat equipment and clothing for soldiers, represents an unlikely setting for Scrum. Military procurement is traditionally hierarchical, risk-averse, and heavily process-driven. Yet within 18 months of adopting Agile methods, most DiggerWorks teams transitioned from traditional waterfall management to Scrum and related approaches, with reported productivity improvements of up to 600%. One early example involved night-vision goggle cases: soldiers in the field were experiencing equipment failures because standard soft cases did not provide adequate protection. Using Scrum and other agile methods, DiggerWorks designed and prototyped a hard casing in seven weeks, saving an estimated $6 million compared with procurement alternatives and avoiding significant future repair and replacement costs.
Source: Withers, M. (2019, December 18). Agile successfully deploys in military procurement. Bain & Company. https://www.bain.com/insights/agile-successfully-deploys-in-military-procurement/
9. Construction / Architecture — Design-Build Project Case Study
A peer-reviewed case study published in the International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering examined the application of Scrum to a Design-Build construction project—a delivery model increasingly used in the United States but often managed using traditional waterfall approaches. The study found that implementing Scrum during both the design and construction phases led to improved cost and schedule control, as well as enhanced communication among multiple stakeholders, including architects, engineers, contractors, and owners. The authors concluded that Scrum’s iterative structure appears well-suited to the inherently adaptive nature of Design-Build projects, where requirements evolve, and cross-disciplinary collaboration is continuous. The research contributes a peer-reviewed case study on the application of Scrum in construction project delivery.
Source: Jethva, S. S., & Skibniewski, M. J. (2022, March). Agile project management for design-build construction projects: A case study. International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, 19, 2021216.
10. Biotech / Pharma — Roche Pharma Finland
Roche Pharma Finland, part of the global Roche organization operating in the highly regulated pharmaceutical and biotech sector, undertook an Agile transformation to improve cross-functional collaboration and delivery of patient-focused outcomes. The organization applied Scrum beyond software to pharmaceutical and research workflows, forming cross-functional teams that spanned scientific, medical, and operational expertise. Work was structured into short, iterative cycles, with Sprint Reviews used to inspect experimental progress and adjust priorities based on emerging data, and Product Backlogs used to manage evolving research hypotheses and development options. The organization reported improvements in alignment across departments, faster learning cycles in research activities, and greater transparency in progress toward patient-centered goals, while also surfacing sector-specific challenges such as defining “Done” in experimental work and balancing agility with regulatory requirements.
Source: Lilja, S., Kailanto, J., & Saanila-Sotamaa, M. (n.d.). From pyramid to communities: How a pharma company reinvented themselves using Scrum. https://agilealliance.org/resources/experience-reports/from-pyramid-to-communities-how-a-pharma-company-reinvented-themselves-using-scrum/
11. Entertainment / Media — Multinational Entertainment and Media Company
When a multinational entertainment and media conglomerate needed to compete more effectively in an era of rapid change, it undertook a full Scrum-based agile transformation—with Scott M. Graffius serving as agile coach. The organization faced the challenges common to large, matrixed enterprises: slow delivery cycles, siloed teams, limited cross-functional collaboration, and difficulty adapting to evolving market conditions. The transformation addressed those challenges directly. By adopting an agile mindset and implementing Scrum's values, roles, events, and artifacts, the company achieved improved engagement, collaboration, transparency, and adaptability. The results were exceptional. The organization developed new capabilities and unlocked the business agility needed to thrive in a fast-moving competitive environment, realizing benefits including faster delivery speed, stronger ROI, higher satisfaction, and a culture of continuous improvement. The case is documented in Graffius' book, Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, which draws directly on his first-hand experience leading the engagement.
Source: Graffius, S. M. (2019). Agile transformation: A brief story of how an entertainment company developed new capabilities and unlocked business agility to thrive in an era of rapid change. CreateSpace, a unit of Amazon.
12. Defense Technology / XR — Meta and Anduril's EagleEye
When Meta and Anduril announced their EagleEye partnership, they brought Agile into one of the most demanding environments imaginable: the development of AI-powered augmented reality headsets for the U.S. Army. EagleEye is designed to overlay real-time battlefield intelligence—including drone feeds, terrain maps, and enemy positions—directly into soldiers' fields of view. The project blends Meta's Reality Labs hardware expertise, built through iterative consumer XR releases like the Quest series, with Anduril's defense-focused Lattice AI platform. Rather than following traditional, slow-moving military R&D processes, the EagleEye collaboration leverages Agile's rapid prototyping, cross-functional team structures, and iterative feedback loops—approaches drawn from game development's immersive design tradition and adapted to military-grade requirements. While the EagleEye announcement referenced Agile broadly rather than naming Scrum specifically, Anduril's job postings explicitly call for Agile and Scrum experience—and as the most widely adopted Agile framework in the world, Scrum is the natural and most likely implementation underpinning this work. The development teams must navigate rigorous compliance, cybersecurity demands, and extreme performance constraints within Agile sprints, demonstrating that iterative development can function even under the most stringent operational conditions. The case is examined in depth by Scott M. Graffius—drawing on his expertise in AI, Agile, hardware, software, game development, and defense—as a model for how Agile accelerates cross-industry innovation in high-stakes XR systems.
Source: Graffius, S. M. (2025, June 2). Meta and Anduril's EagleEye and the future of XR: How gaming, AI, and Agile are transforming defense. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.26938.45766
Conclusion
Scrum’s application is not limited to software development. Across industries, its value emerges in environments characterized by complexity, uncertainty, and interdependent work. From government systems and healthcare innovation to manufacturing, education, defense, and biotechnology, the 12 examples in this article demonstrate a clear pattern: when organizations replace predictive, phase-gated planning with short iterative cycles, cross-functional collaboration, and rapid feedback loops, they improve adaptability and delivery speed.
In government systems such as FBI Sentinel, Scrum enabled recovery from large-scale failure and re-establishment of delivery momentum. In product development cases like Gillette and Mission Bell Winery, it accelerated time to market while improving cross-functional alignment. In healthcare and biotech contexts, including Ariadne Labs and Roche Pharma Finland, it supported structured experimentation, faster learning cycles, and improved coordination across highly specialized stakeholders. In education, Scrum-inspired visual systems improved transparency and student engagement, while in sectors such as automotive engineering, construction, military procurement, and defense technology, it enabled rapid prototyping, earlier risk discovery, and more effective integration across complex systems.
As shown, Scrum is not limited to software or technical endeavors. Wherever work requires continuous adjustment to evolving realities, Scrum provides a disciplined mechanism for adapting and delivering business value sooner.
To learn more about Scrum, explore the award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions by Scott M. Graffius (Chris Hare and Colin Giffen, Technical Editors). The book is available at Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Harvard Book Store, and other sellers worldwide.
Scott M. Graffius has generated over $2.51 billion in business value for Fortune 500 companies and other organizations around the world. Put that track record to work for you. For speaking engagements, use the request form; for other inquiries, email him.
Bibliography
Bloomberg, J. (2012, August 22). How the FBI proves Agile works for government agencies. CIO. https://www.cio.com/article/286775/agile-development-how-the-fbi-proves-agile-works-for-government-agencies.html
Desai, M., Tardif-Douglin, M., Miller, I., Blitzer, S., Gardner, D. L., Thompson, T., Edmondson, L., & Levine, D. M. (2024, May 27). Implementation of Agile in healthcare: Methodology for a multisite home hospital accelerator. BMJ Open Quality, 13(2), e002671. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11131107/
Graffius, S. M. (2016). Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions. CreateSpace, a unit of Amazon.
Graffius, S. M. (2019). Agile transformation: A brief story of how an entertainment company developed new capabilities and unlocked business agility to thrive in an era of rapid change. CreateSpace, a unit of Amazon.
Graffius, S. M. (2025, June 2). Meta and Anduril's EagleEye and the future of XR: How gaming, AI, and Agile are transforming defense. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.26938.45766
Jethva, S. S., & Skibniewski, M. J. (2022, March). Agile project management for design-build construction projects: A case study. International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, 19, 2021216.
Leybourn, E. (2019, March 19). WIKISPEED: Applying Agile software principles and practices for fast automotive development. Business Agility Institute. https://businessagility.institute/learn/applying-agile-software-principles-and-practices-for-fast-automotive-development/187
Lilja, S., Kailanto, J., & Saanila-Sotamaa, M. (n.d.). From pyramid to communities: How a pharma company reinvented themselves using Scrum. https://agilealliance.org/resources/experience-reports/from-pyramid-to-communities-how-a-pharma-company-reinvented-themselves-using-scrum/
Moienaar, J. (n.d.). Marketing Scrum vs. IT Scrum: Two marketing case studies. https://agilealliance.org/resources/experience-reports/marketing-scrum-vs-scrum-two-marketing-case-studies-now-act-first-apologize-later/
Rigby, D. K., Berez, S., Caimi, G., & Noble, A. (2016, April 19). Agile innovation. Bain & Company. https://www.bain.com/insights/agile-innovation/
Scrum Alliance. (n.d.). How healthcare, education and marketing organizations are using Scrum to thrive. https://resources.scrumalliance.org/Article/how-healthcare-education-and-marketing-organizations-are-using-scrum-to-thrive
West, D. (2023, January 11). Scrum at Gillette — Part 1: Launching a new razor with Scrum [Podcast]. https://www.scrum.org/resources/scrum-gillette-part-1-launching-new-razor-scrum
Withers, M. (2019, December 18). Agile successfully deploys in military procurement. Bain & Company. https://www.bain.com/insights/agile-successfully-deploys-in-military-procurement/
About Scott M. Graffius
Scott M. Graffius is a strategic transformation leader who drives AI, Agile, and broader business and technology initiatives to deliver measurable value across projects, programs, portfolios, and PMOs. He is an expert in the teamwork tradecraft of both human and human-AI teams, including the “exotic team dynamics” that emerge. He is also an authority on the temporal patterns of social media, including the half-life of audience engagement.
He’s a practitioner, researcher, thought leader, award-winning author, and keynote speaker who’s taken the stage at 99 conferences and other events across 25 countries.
He’s delivered over $2.51 billion in value for Fortune 500 companies and other leaders in technology, entertainment, financial services, healthcare, and beyond.
Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities use Graffius and feature his work. Examples include Adobe, Bayer, Boston University, Ford, Gartner, Harvard Medical School, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, Microsoft, MSN, National Academy of Sciences, Oracle, Pinterest Inc., Project Management Institute, UC San Diego, Verizon, Yale University, and others.
The following sections provide additional information on his experience, contributions, and influence.
Experience
Graffius heads the professional services firm Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions, along with its subsidiary Exceptional Agility. These consultancies offer strategic and tactical advisory, training, embedded expertise, and consulting services to the public, private, and government sectors. They help organizations enhance their capabilities and results in agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership, supporting innovation and driving competitive advantage. The consultancies confidently back services with a Delighted Client Guarantee™.
Graffius is a former VP of project management with a publicly traded provider of diverse consumer products and services over the Internet. Before that, he ran and supervised the delivery of projects and programs in public and private organizations with businesses ranging from e-commerce to advanced technology products and services, retail, manufacturing, entertainment, and more.
He has experience with consumer, business, reseller, government, and international markets.
Award-Winning Author
Graffius has authored three books.
- Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions, his first book, earned 17 awards.
- Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, his second book, was named one of the best Scrum books of all time by BookAuthority.
- Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum, his third book and his first work of fiction, was released in April 2025. The book trailer is on YouTube.
International Public Speaker
Organizations worldwide engage Graffius to present on tech (including AI), Agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership. He crafts and delivers unique and compelling talks and workshops. Graffius has conducted 99 sessions across 25 countries. Select examples of events include Agile Trends Gov, BSides (Newcastle Upon Tyne), Conf42 Quantum Computing, DevDays Europe, DevOps Institute, DevOpsDays (Geneva), Frug’Agile, IEEE, Microsoft, Scottish Summit, Scrum Alliance RSG (Nepal), Techstars, and W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference (Helsinki), and more.
With an average rating of 4.81 (on a scale of 1-5), sessions are highly valued.
The speaker engagement request form is here.
Thought Leadership and Influence
Prominent businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities have showcased Graffius and his contributions—spanning his books, talks, workshops, and beyond. Select examples include:
- Adobe,
- American Management Association,
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
- Bayer,
- BMC Software,
- Boston University,
- Broadcom,
- Cisco,
- Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts - Germany,
- Computer Weekly,
- Constructor University - Germany,
- Data Governance Success,
- Deimos Aerospace,
- DevOps Institute,
- Dropbox,
- EU's European Commission,
- Ford Motor Company,
- Gartner,
- GoDaddy,
- Harvard Medical School,
- Hasso Plattner Institute - Germany,
- IEEE,
- Innovation Project Management,
- Johns Hopkins University,
- Journal of Neurosurgery,
- Lam Research (Semiconductors),
- Leadership Worthy,
- Life Sciences Trainers and Educators Network,
- London South Bank University,
- Microsoft,
- MSN,
- NASSCOM,
- National Academy of Sciences,
- New Zealand Government,
- Oracle,
- Pinterest Inc.,
- Project Management Institute,
- Mary Raum (Professor of National Security Affairs, United States Naval War College),
- SANS Institute,
- SBG Neumark - Germany,
- Singapore Institute of Technology,
- Torrens University - Australia,
- TBS Switzerland,
- Tufts University,
- UC San Diego,
- UK Sports Institute,
- University of Galway - Ireland,
- US Department of Energy,
- US National Park Service,
- US Soccer,
- US Tennis Association,
- Verizon,
- Wrike,
- Yale University,
- and many others.
Graffius has played a key role in the Project Management Institute (PMI) in developing professional standards. He was a member of multiple teams that authored, reviewed, and produced:
- The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management
- Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition
- A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Eighth Edition
- A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition
- The Standard for Program Management – Fourth Edition
- Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures – Second Edition
- The Practice Standard for Project Estimating – Second Edition
He was also a subject matter expert reviewer of content for the PMI’s Congress. Beyond the PMI, Graffius also served as a member of the review team for two of the Scrum Alliance’s Global Scrum Gatherings.
Acclaimed Authority on Teamwork Tradecraft
Graffius is a renowned authority on teamwork tradecraft. Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 150 subsequent studies, and Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development. First introduced in 2008 and periodically updated, his work provides a diagnostic and strategic guide for navigating team dynamics. It provides actionable insights for leaders across industries to develop high-performance teams. Its adoption by esteemed organizations such as Yale University, IEEE, Cisco, Microsoft, Ford, Oracle, Broadcom, the U.S. National Park Service, and the Journal of Neurosurgery, among others, highlights its utility and value, solidifying its status as an indispensable resource for elevating team performance and driving organizational excellence. In 2026, Graffius added human-AI teamwork—including the "exotic team dynamics" which emerge when advanced AI collaborates as a teammate—to his "Phases of Team Development."
The 2026 edition of Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property is here.
Expert on Temporal Dynamics on Social Media Platforms
Graffius is also an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms. His "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" research—first published in 2018 and updated annually—delivers a precise quantitative analysis of post longevity across digital platforms, utilizing advanced statistical techniques to determine mean half-life with precision. It establishes a solid empirical base, effectively highlighting the ephemeral nature of content within social media ecosystems. Referenced and applied by leading entities—such as Fast Company, GoDaddy, Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume), Ministère de la Culture (French Ministry of Culture), Pinterest Inc., PNAS, and Telecommunications Policy, among others—his research exemplifies methodological rigor and sustained significance in the field of digital informatics.
The 2026 edition of Graffius "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" research is here.
Education and Professional Certifications
Graffius has a bachelor’s degree in psychology with a focus in Human Factors. He holds eight professional certifications:
- Certified SAFe 6 Agilist (SA),
- Certified Scrum Professional - ScrumMaster (CSP-SM),
- Certified Scrum Professional - Product Owner (CSP-PO),
- Certified ScrumMaster (CSM),
- Certified Scrum Product Owner (CSPO),
- Project Management Professional (PMP),
- Lean Six Sigma Green Belt (LSSGB), and
- IT Service Management Foundation (ITIL).
He is an active member of the Scrum Alliance, the Project Management Institute (PMI), and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
Advancing AI, Agile, and Project/PMO Management
Scott M. Graffius continues to advance the fields of AI, Agile, and Project/PMO Management through his leadership, research, writing, and real-world impact. Businesses and other organizations leverage Graffius’ insights to drive their success.
Discover Scott’s Books
- Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions — Deliver Products in Short Cycles with Rapid Adaptation to Change, Fast Time-to-Market, and Continuous Improvement
- Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change
- Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum
Connect with and follow Scott on LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Threads, Bluesky, Mastodon, and ResearchGate.
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How to Cite This Article
Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 26). Scrum Isn’t Just for Coding. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/scrum-is-not-just-for-coding.html
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